![]() ![]() They shape how we treat ourselves, others, and even how others may treat us. If they are not, we must seek to transform them because core beliefs that are limiting are the root causes of low self-esteem. If our core beliefs are positive and helpful, we need to take no further action. All of these beliefs may make us very anxious to avoid rejection and overly keen to seek validation from others (Osmo et al., 2018). ![]() If we have negative views of others, we may think of them as untrustworthy, as wishing to hurt us, or as demeaning, uncaring, or manipulative. Unlovability-related core beliefs include the fear that we are not likable and incapable of intimacy, while worthlessness-themed core beliefs include the belief that we are insignificant and a burden to others. The beliefs that fall into the helplessness category are related to personal incompetence, vulnerability, and inferiority. Judith Beck (2005, 2011) proposes three main categories of negative core beliefs about the self:
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